A prospective cohort study conducted from 1989 to 2003 in inpatient/outpatient clinics in Germany has found that babies who received gluten-containing foods before age 3 months, were at significantly increased islet autoantibody risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-11.5; P = .01) compared with children who received only breast milk. Children who first received gluten foods after age 6 months did not have increased risks for islet or celiac disease autoantibodies.
Ziegler A-G et al (2003). Early Infant Feeding and Risk of Developing Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies. JAMA 290:1721-1728. [Abstract]
